Bilimbi | Averrhoa

BILIMBI ( Averrhoa)

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Oxalidales

Family: Oxalidaceae

Genus: Averrhoa

Species: bilimbi

it is essentially a tropical tree, which has lower resistant to cold than the carambola, it grows most of in rich and

well-drained soil. It favours mostly distributed rainfall throughout the year, .. this tree requires protection from wind and cold.



Nature:
The bilimbi tree is long-lived, reaches 2-3 m in height. Its trunk is short and quickly divides up into branching. Bilimbi

Leaves:-

leaves, 6-49 cm long,and they are alternate, imparipinnate and cluster at branch extremities. There are around 9 to 16

Flowers:-

Its flowers, like its fruits, are found in hairy panicles that directly emerge from the trunk as well as from the oldest, most solid branches. The yellowish or purplish flowers are tiny, fragrant and have 5 petals.

fruits:-

The bilimbi fruit's form ranges from ellipsoid to almost cylindrical. Its length is 4-10 cm. The bilimbi is 5-sided, but in a less marked way than the carambola. At the stem's end, the fruit is capped with a star-shape calyx. If unripe, it is bright green and crispy. It turns yellowish as it ripens. The flesh is juicy, green and extremely acidic. The fruit's skin is glossy and very thin
Seeds are small (4 mm) and brown. They are form is disc-like and flattened


Medicinal uses:-

mostly the leaves serve as a paste on itches, swelling, rheumatism, mumps or skin eruptions. In or to another place, they re used for bites of poisonous creatures. A leaf infusion is efficient against or as an after-birth tonic,.

PTEROCARPUS MARSUPIUM | Bijasal

PTEROCARPUS MARSUPIUM(Bijasal)

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Fabales

Family: Fabaceae

Subfamily: Faboideae

Tribe: Dalbergieae

Genus: Pterocarpus

Species: P. marsupium

COMMON NAME:-Bijasal,Bibla,Honi,Vengai

OPERCULINA TURPETHUM | nishottra| PITHORI | NSHTAR | NISOT | NISHOTTRA | NISOTI | TELLATEGADHA

OPERCULINA TURPETHUM

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Solanales

Family: Convolvulaceae

Genus: Operculina

Species: O. turpethum

COMMON NAME:-PITHORI, NSHTAR, NISOT, NISHOTTRA, NISOTI, TELLATEGADHA

Nature:-It isa large twining herb with milky juice: root long

PSORALEA CORYLIFOLIA | BAKHUCHI

PSORALEA CORYLIFOLIA

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Fabales

Family: Fabaceae

Subfamily: Faboideae

Tribe: Psoraleeae

Genus: Psoralea

Common Name:-Bachi, latakasturi,sugandha kantak,kala gija,bakhuchi…

Nature:-It is an posture herb, and with densely glands –dotted branches.

Leaves:-Mostly leaves are round in shape, dotted with black glands on the both surfaces.

Flowers:-Flowers are small, bluish purple , with 12-35 bunches , arising in axile of leaves.

Fruits:-mostly FRUITS ARE BLACK,ROUND IN SHAPE WITH CLOSELY PITTED;; SEED ONE , SMOOTH.

MEDICINAL USES:-SEEDS OF THIS PLANTS COMPOSE THE DRUG.

The seed contain an essential oil which is very effective on certain bacteria causing skin disease. Roots of the plants are reporetd to be useful in caries of teeth: and the leaves in diarrhea

INDIAN PODOPHYLLUM | PADWAL

INDIAN PODOPHYLLUM

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Ranunculales

Family: Berberidaceae

Genus: Podophyllum

Species: P. hexandrum

COMMON NAME:-Banbaigan, Papri, Venivel, Padwal

Nature:- it’s a erect herb with a creeping rootstock.

Flower:-Flower bearing branch is erect, leafy at the top: leaves two with 15-25 cm diameter, deeply divided in 3-5 lobes. Flowers 2.5 -5 cm diameter, white or pinkish, with cup shaped, usually solitary.

Fruits:-Fruit ovoid, 2.5 -5 cm scarlet.

Medicinal uses:-The dried rhizomes of the plants are used in medicine .

The rhizomes contains a resin podophyllin. It is purgative: its action is slow but severe and a large doses can cause acute irritation and griping..

PERGULARIA | Karail

PERGULARIA

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Subclass: Asteridae

Order: Gentianales

Family: Apocynaceae

Subfamily: Asclepiadaceae

Genus: Pergularia

common name:- sadovani, karail, yagaphala,veliparti. etc..

Nature:-it is a herb.stem is hairy nad with milky juice.

Leaves:-Leaves are 4-6 cm long, sometimes more, ovate or round, hairy on lower surface, deeply chordate at base.

Flowers:-Flowers are mostly pale in colour , small, in short clusters.

Fruits:-Fruits are reflexed in pairs, and reflexed in pairs 5-8 cm long,1.4 cm broad,which is covered with spinous outgrowths.

Medicinal uses:-Mostly every part of the plants are used in as medicine

the juice of the leaves is given in catarrhal affection and infantilediarrhoea. It forms a constituent of a purgative preparation given in rheumatism .

Harmer | Peganum harmala | wild rue

classification of Peganum harmala

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Sapindales

Family: Nitrariaceae

Species: P. harmala

Common name:- harmer, isband, gandhya, wild rue.

Nature:- it is a shrub about 35-85 cm high.

Leaves:-leaves are mostly 5 to 8 cm long, which is divided into a large indefinite narrow segments.

Flower:-flowers are mostly in 2-3 cm diameter, white in colour which is single in axiles of leaves.

Fruits:- fruits are capsular,having sphere in shape and almost 5-8 mm in diameter,deeply lobed.seeds 3-4 mm long , brownish of , of various shapes and with rediculated seed coat.

Medicinal uses:-the seeds contain several alkaloids and are useful in asthma,fever, jaundice and complains of difficult and menstruation. They are used also as narcotic and emetic.

The seeds yield a red dye . Powdered roots mixed in mustard oil kill lice in hair. The plant, kept in a room repels mosquitoes

CINNAMOMUM VERUM | DALCHINI

CINNAMOMUM VERUM(DALCHINI)

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Laurales

Family: Lauraceae

Genus: Cinnamomum

Species: C. zeylanicum

LOCAL NAME:-DALCHINI,

LAVANGPATI,

DARUSHILA

NATURE

:-It is a evergreen tree.

LEAVES

:-Leaves are large, elliptical, thick leathery and pointed at the tip. leaves are lighter in colored beneath

FLOWERS:Fowers are minute in large hairy clusters.

FRUITS:-Fruits are elliptical and about 1.8 cm long with dark purple.

LOCATION:-Mostly occurs in lower elevation even below 250m.

MEDICINAL USES

:-Its useful in vomiting. IT is commonly used as a coding

The oil obtained from the bark is called cinnamon. Bark oil. its used s a carminative. The oil obtained from the leaves is used as a flavorings agent and preservative for the sweets, soap etc. and local application on certain rheumatic pains.. other species CAMPHOR used in other way. and C.CAMPHORA, C.TAMALA IS USEFUL.

LAWSONIA INERMIS | MEHANDI

LAWSONIA INERMIS

kingdom: Plantae

Division : Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order Myrtales

Family: Lythraceae

Genus: Lawsonia

Species: L. inermis

LOCAL NAME :-MEHNDI

, MOHUZ,BENJATI,

GORNTI,MENDIKA

NATURE :-It’s a shrub.

its occur several parts of India mostly in the drier parts of the dry ground. but usually cultivated in dodges.

LEAVES :-Leaves are opposite with 3-4cm long and sharp point.

FLOWER :-Flowers are small with whitish or pinkish in colour in terminal large bunches.

FRUITS :-Fruits are mostly small like size of pea plant. And they are round with many seeds.

MEDICINAL USES:

This shrubs leaves have several medicinal properties.

They are acerbic and used as prophylactic against skin disease. The stewing of leaves is used as mouthwash in sore throat. The paste of leaves is mostly used for headache and burning sensation in feet. The bark and the seeds of this plant are also reported to be used in ayurvedic and unani medicine. the oil obtained from this shrub is used in perfumery purpose.

PINUS ROXBURGHII | CHIL

PINUS ROXBURGHII

FAMILY :-CONIFERAE

LOCAL NAME :- CHIR, TELLIA,CHIL

NATURE:-

It’s a tree.

which is found in the lower Himalaya and other hills of India.

LEAVES :-The leaves are typical needle which is 20-25 cm long in the cluster of the tree.

FRUITS :- male strobile small, female fruiting strobile 8-18 cm long, conic.

MEDICINAL USES

:-Its useful for obtaining oil of Turpentine by cleaning from turpentine. Which has simple action and mostly medicinal uses are because of that property. It controlled small doses it acts as a stilton expectorant and is useful in chronic bronchitis. It cures gassy colic. It has limited uses also in typhoid. The wood of the tree is largely used for various purpose, like house building, furniture, tea chests, match industry, and musical instruments.